Non-Invasive Glucose Sensing Technologies

Ditch the fingerstick test strips and invasive filaments! Non-invasive glucose sensing is here, measuring glucose through the skin.

Categories of NIGS

We've got three main categories:

• Optical techniques: think NIRS, Raman, and OCT.
• Transdermal extraction: Reverse Iontophoresis takes the stage.
• Biofluid analysis: tears and sweat are on the radar.

History of NIGS

The GlucoWatch made history with FDA approval in 2001, but skin irritation and inaccuracy shut it down [1].

Challenges in NIGS

Tech giants like Google and Apple face two big hurdles:

• Physiological lag: the delay between blood and interstitial fluid is a challenge.
• Low signal-to-noise ratio: water absorption and environmental interference get in the way.

Current State of NIGS

Here's the truth: no non-invasive technology meets the ISO 15197 accuracy standards required for insulin dosing [2]. Electrochemical strips and minimally invasive CGMs still dominate the market.